Chapter 10Science & Nature

What is Earth's magnetic field?

A giant magnet generated by liquid iron moving in the outer core. It deflects harmful solar particles (aurora is the visible remnant) and lets compasses work. The poles slowly wander and occasionally flip — last flip 780,000 years ago.

Follow-up questions

Is a flip dangerous?

Would confuse migrating animals and briefly weaken protection from solar wind. Not the apocalypse movies suggest.

Do animals use it?

Yes — birds, sea turtles, and even dogs orient to magnetic fields.

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